Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes, sentence 25
Fairtrade labels began in the late 1980s to promise farmers fairer prices; how much they help is debated.
Who acts: Fairtrade labels, labels · What happens: begin, promise, help, debate · To what, where: late 1980s, fairer prices, farmers
This is a sentence of the lesson «Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fairtrade labels, labels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fairtrade | Fairtrade | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 labels | compound |
| 2 | labels | label | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 1980s | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 1980s | det |
| 6 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 1980s | amod |
| 7 | 1980s | 1980s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 3 began | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 promise | mark |
| 9 | promise | promise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 began | advcl |
| 10 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 promise | obj |
| 11 | fairer | fair | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 prices | amod |
| 12 | prices | price | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 promise | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 debated | punct |
| 14 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 much | advmod |
| 15 | much | much | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 help | advmod |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 help | nsubj |
| 17 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 debated | csubj:pass |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 debated | aux:pass |
| 19 | debated | debate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 began | parataxis |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 began | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | Fairtrade labels | the late 1980s | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | promise speech: promise | to-infinitive | Fairtrade labels not said here | fairer prices | farmers | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent farmer=Goal price=Theme | |||
| 3 | help | present | labels = label | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | debate | present · passive | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:070-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes.lesson:25.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/70-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes/25/