What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases, sentence 13
After 1492 smallpox, measles and other diseases reached the Americas, where people had no protection; in some places the population fell by up to nine-tenths, though the exact numbers are debated.
Who acts: measles, people, population · What happens: reach, have, fall, debate · To what, where: 1492, protection, places, exact numbers
This is a sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (measles, people, population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 3 smallpox | case |
| 2 | 1492 | 1492 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 reached | obl |
| 3 | smallpox | smallpox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 reached | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 smallpox | punct |
| 5 | measles | measle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 reached | nsubj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 diseases | cc |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 diseases | amod |
| 8 | diseases | disease | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 measles | conj |
| 9 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Americas | det |
| 11 | Americas | Americas | PROPN | Number=Plur | 9 reached | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 had | punct |
| 13 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 had | advmod |
| 14 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 had | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 Americas | acl:relcl |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 protection | det |
| 17 | protection | protection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 had | obj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 fell | punct |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 places | case |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 places | det |
| 21 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 fell | obl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 population | det |
| 23 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 fell | nsubj |
| 24 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 reached | parataxis |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 tenths | case |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 30 tenths | case |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 tenths | case |
| 28 | nine | nine | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 tenths | nummod |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 nine | punct |
| 30 | tenths | tenth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 fell | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 debated | punct |
| 32 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 37 debated | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 numbers | det |
| 34 | exact | exact | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 numbers | amod |
| 35 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 debated | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 debated | aux:pass |
| 37 | debated | debate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 fell | advcl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 reached | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach | past | measles and other diseases | 1492 | after smallpox | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent americas=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | people | no protection | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent protection=Patient | ||||
| 3 | fall | past | the population | some places | by nine tenths | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in place=Location | |||
| 4 | debate | present · passive | the exact numbers | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/13/