Why some places grew rich, sentence 15

Some countries grew rich partly by taking land, goods and labour from colonies and from enslaved people; how much this explains today's wealth is still debated by historians.

Who acts: countries, this, historians · What happens: grow, take, enslave, explain, debate · To what, where: land, colonies, wealth

This is a sentence of the lesson «Why some places grew rich» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countries, this, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 countries	det
2	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grew	nsubj
3	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 grew	xcomp
5	partly	partly	ADV	_	3 grew	advmod
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 taking	mark
7	taking	take	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 grew	advcl
8	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 taking	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 goods	punct
10	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	8 land	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 labour	cc
12	labour	labour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 land	conj
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 colonies	case
14	colonies	colony	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 taking	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 people	cc
16	from	from	ADP	_	18 people	case
17	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 people	amod
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 colonies	conj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 much	punct
20	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	21 much	advmod
21	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 debated	csubj
22	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	23 explains	nsubj
23	explains	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 much	ccomp
24	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 wealth	nmod:poss
25	's	's	PART	_	24 today	case
26	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 explains	obj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 debated	aux:pass
28	still	still	ADV	_	29 debated	advmod
29	debated	debate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 grew	parataxis
30	by	by	ADP	_	31 historians	case
31	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 debated	obl:agent
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grew	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	some countries				partly, rich property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	take	gerund	some countries not said here	land and goods and labour	colonies and enslaved people			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent land=Theme from colony=Initial_Location
3	enslave	participle						vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	explain speech: assert	present	this	today's wealth				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wealth=Topic
5	debate	present · passive	historians			still		vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:072-why-some-places-grew-rich.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/15/