Why some places grew rich, sentence 9
In the 1600s the small Netherlands grew rich through trade and banking; in Amsterdam people bought and sold shares, small parts of the Dutch East India Company, founded in 1602, which gave them a piece of its profits.
Who acts: small Netherlands, people, Dutch India Company, Netherlands · What happens: grow, buy, sell, found, give, profit · To what, where: 1600s, Amsterdam, shares, Dutch India Company, 1602, piece
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why some places grew rich» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small Netherlands, people, Dutch India Company, Netherlands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 1600s | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 1600s | det |
| 3 | 1600s | 1600 | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 grew | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Netherlands | det |
| 5 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Netherlands | amod |
| 6 | Netherlands | Netherlands | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 grew | nsubj |
| 7 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 grew | xcomp |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 10 trade | case |
| 10 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 grew | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 banking | cc |
| 12 | banking | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 trade | conj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 gave | punct |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 Amsterdam | case |
| 15 | Amsterdam | Amsterdam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 bought | obl |
| 16 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 bought | nsubj |
| 17 | bought | buy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 grew | parataxis |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 sold | cc |
| 19 | sold | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 bought | conj |
| 20 | shares | share | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 sold | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 shares | punct |
| 22 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 parts | amod |
| 23 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 shares | appos |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Company | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Company | det |
| 26 | Dutch | dutch | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 Company | amod |
| 27 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 India | compound |
| 28 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Company | compound |
| 29 | Company | Company | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 parts | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 founded | punct |
| 31 | founded | found | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 Company | acl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 1602 | case |
| 33 | 1602 | 1602 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 founded | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 gave | punct |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 gave | nsubj |
| 36 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 Company | acl:relcl |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 gave | iobj |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 piece | det |
| 39 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 gave | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 profits | case |
| 41 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 profits | nmod:poss |
| 42 | profits | profit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 piece | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 grew | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | the small Netherlands | the 1600s | through trade and banking; rich property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1600=Location | |||
| 2 | buy | past | people | Amsterdam | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | sell | past | people not said here | shares | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent share=Theme | ||||
| 4 | found | participle | the Dutch India Company not said here | 1602 | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | give | past | the Dutch India Company | a piece of Netherlands's profits | shares = share | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient piece=Theme | |||
| 6 | profit | Netherlands | nom profit «possession intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:072-why-some-places-grew-rich.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/9/