Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe, sentence 1

People still came, because cities had what villages lacked: jobs, markets, temples, schools, doctors and walls for safety; in Europa Universalis you just click «develop» on a province, but real cities grew where farms had extra food and traders met.

Who acts: People, cities, villages, you, real cities, farms · What happens: come, have, lack, click, develop, grow · To what, where: jobs, Europa, province, extra food

This is a sentence of the lesson «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, cities, villages, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 came	nsubj
2	still	still	ADV	_	3 came	advmod
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 had	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 had	mark
6	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 had	nsubj
7	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	advcl
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 had	obj
9	villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lacked	nsubj
10	lacked	lack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 what	acl:relcl
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 jobs	punct
12	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lacked	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 markets	punct
14	markets	market	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jobs	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 temples	punct
16	temples	temple	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jobs	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 schools	punct
18	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jobs	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 doctors	punct
20	doctors	doctor	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jobs	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 walls	cc
22	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jobs	conj
23	for	for	ADP	_	24 safety	case
24	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 doctors	nmod
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 click	punct
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 Europa	case
27	Europa	Europa	PROPN	Number=Sing	31 click	obl
28	Universalis	Universalis	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 Europa	flat
29	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	31 click	nsubj
30	just	just	ADV	_	31 click	advmod
31	click	click	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 came	parataxis
32	«	«	PUNCT	_	33 develop	punct
33	develop	develop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 click	xcomp
34	»	»	PUNCT	_	33 develop	punct
35	on	on	ADP	_	37 province	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 province	det
37	province	province	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 develop	obj
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 grew	punct
39	but	but	CCONJ	_	42 grew	cc
40	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 cities	amod
41	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 grew	nsubj
42	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
43	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	45 had	advmod
44	farms	farm	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 had	nsubj
45	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	42 grew	advcl
46	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 food	amod
47	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 had	obj
48	and	and	CCONJ	_	50 met	cc
49	traders	trader	NOUN	Number=Plur	50 met	nsubj
50	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	45 had	conj
51	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	come	past	People			still	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	have	past	cities				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient
3	lack	past	villages	jobs and markets and temples and schools and doctors for safety and walls			tree rules
4	click	infinitive	you		Europa		tree rules
5	develop in a quote	infinitive	you not said here	a province			vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent province=Product
6	grow	past	real cities				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	have	past	farms	extra food			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
8	meet	past	traders				vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/1/