Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 10
Between about 800 and 200 BCE great thinkers lived in China, India, Persia, Israel and Greece, among them Confucius, the Buddha and Socrates; they did not know each other, and some historians call this the Axial Age while others say the pattern is too neat.
Who acts: great thinkers, thinkers, historians, others, pattern · What happens: live, not know, call, say, be · To what, where: China, each, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great thinkers, thinkers, historians, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Between | between | ADP | _ | 3 800 | case |
| 2 | about | about | ADV | _ | 3 800 | advmod |
| 3 | 800 | 800 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 lived | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 200 | cc |
| 5 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 800 | conj |
| 6 | BCE | BCE | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 200 | compound |
| 7 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 thinkers | amod |
| 8 | thinkers | thinker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 lived | nsubj |
| 9 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 China | case |
| 11 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 lived | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 India | punct |
| 13 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 China | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Persia | punct |
| 15 | Persia | Persia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 China | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Israel | punct |
| 17 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 China | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 Greece | cc |
| 19 | Greece | Greece | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 China | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Confucius | punct |
| 21 | among | among | ADP | _ | 23 Confucius | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 Confucius | nsubj |
| 23 | Confucius | Confucius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 lived | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Buddha | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Buddha | det |
| 26 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Confucius | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 Socrates | cc |
| 28 | Socrates | Socrates | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Buddha | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 know | punct |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 know | nsubj |
| 31 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 know | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 know | advmod |
| 33 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 lived | parataxis |
| 34 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 33 know | obj |
| 35 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 each | fixed |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 call | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 call | cc |
| 38 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 39 historians | det |
| 39 | historians | historian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 call | nsubj |
| 40 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 lived | conj |
| 41 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 40 call | obj |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 Age | det |
| 43 | Axial | axial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 Age | amod |
| 44 | Age | age | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 call | xcomp |
| 45 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 47 say | mark |
| 46 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 say | nsubj |
| 47 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 call | advcl |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 pattern | det |
| 49 | pattern | pattern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 neat | nsubj |
| 50 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 neat | cop |
| 51 | too | too | ADV | _ | 52 neat | advmod |
| 52 | neat | neat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 say | ccomp |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | great thinkers | China and India and Persia and Israel and Greece | between 800; among Confucius and the Buddha and Socrates | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in china=Location | |||
| 2 | not know | past · do-support | thinkers = thinker | each | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer each=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | call | present | some historians | this | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | others | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | present | the pattern | neat property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/10/