Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 11
News of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 took days to reach London, and news of Lincoln's death in 1865 took about 12 days to reach Europe; after the Atlantic telegraph cable of 1866 news crossed in minutes.
Who acts: News, Lincoln · What happens: take, reach, cross, die · To what, where: London, Europe
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (News, Lincoln), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | News | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Battle | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Battle | det |
| 4 | Battle | battle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 News | nmod |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Waterloo | case |
| 6 | Waterloo | waterloo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Battle | nmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 1815 | case |
| 8 | 1815 | 1815 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Battle | nmod |
| 9 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 took | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 reach | mark |
| 12 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 took | advcl |
| 13 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 reach | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 took | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 news | cc |
| 16 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 took | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 death | case |
| 18 | Lincoln | Lincoln | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 death | nmod:poss |
| 19 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 18 Lincoln | case |
| 20 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 news | nmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 1865 | case |
| 22 | 1865 | 1865 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 death | nmod |
| 23 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 took | conj |
| 24 | about | about | ADV | _ | 25 12 | advmod |
| 25 | 12 | 12 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 days | nummod |
| 26 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 took | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 reach | mark |
| 28 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 took | advcl |
| 29 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 reach | obj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 cable | punct |
| 31 | after | after | ADP | _ | 35 cable | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 cable | det |
| 33 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 cable | compound |
| 34 | telegraph | telegraph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 cable | compound |
| 35 | cable | cable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 crossed | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 1866 | case |
| 37 | 1866 | 1866 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 35 cable | nmod |
| 38 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 crossed | nsubj |
| 39 | crossed | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 took | parataxis |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 minutes | case |
| 41 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 crossed | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 took | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | News of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 | day | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | reach | to-infinitive | News of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 not said here | London | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent london=Theme | ||||
| 3 | take | past | news of Lincoln's death in 1865 | day | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | reach | to-infinitive | news of Lincoln's death in 1865 not said here | Europe | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme | ||||
| 5 | cross | past | news | after the Atlantic telegraph cable of 1866; minute | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | die | Lincoln | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/11/