Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 9

The Phoenicians spread their alphabet around the Mediterranean from about 1050 BCE; the Greeks added vowels, and the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets grew from the Greek one.

Who acts: Phoenicians, Greeks, Latin alphabets · What happens: spread, add, grow · To what, where: alphabet, Mediterranean, vowels

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Phoenicians, Greeks, Latin alphabets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Phoenicians	det
2	Phoenicians	Phoenician	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 spread	nsubj
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 alphabet	nmod:poss
5	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	obj
6	around	around	ADP	_	8 Mediterranean	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Mediterranean	det
8	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spread	obl
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 1050	case
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 1050	advmod
11	1050	1050	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 spread	obl
12	BCE	BCE	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 1050	flat
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 vowels	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Greeks	det
15	Greeks	Greek	PROPN	Number=Plur	16 added	nsubj
16	added	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	parataxis
17	vowels	vowel	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 added	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 grew	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 Latin	cc
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 alphabets	det
21	Latin	Latin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 alphabets	amod
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 grew	cc
23	Cyrillic	cyrillic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 Latin	conj
24	alphabets	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 grew	nsubj
25	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	conj
26	from	from	ADP	_	29 one	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 one	det
28	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 one	amod
29	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 grew	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=narrate

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the Phoenicians	Phoenicians's alphabet	the Mediterranean	from 1050	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent alphabet=Theme around mediterranean=Destination
2	add speech: assert	past	the Greeks	vowels			vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vowel=Patient
3	grow	past	the Latin alphabets			from the Greek one	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from one=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/9/