When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides, sentence 9
India won independence in 1947 after a long movement, with Gandhi leading non-violent protest, and was split into India and Pakistan, which forced millions of people to leave their homes.
Who acts: India, Gandhi, Pakistan, millions · What happens: win, lead, split, force, leave · To what, where: independence, 1947, non-violent protest, India, millions, homes
This is a sentence of the lesson «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (India, Gandhi, Pakistan, millions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 won | nsubj |
| 2 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | independence | independence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 won | obj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 1947 | case |
| 5 | 1947 | 1947 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 won | obl |
| 6 | after | after | ADP | _ | 9 movement | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 movement | det |
| 8 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 movement | amod |
| 9 | movement | movement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 won | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 leading | punct |
| 11 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 13 leading | mark |
| 12 | Gandhi | Gandhi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 leading | nsubj |
| 13 | leading | lead | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 won | advcl |
| 14 | non-violent | non-violent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 protest | amod |
| 15 | protest | protest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 leading | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 split | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 split | cc |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 split | aux:pass |
| 19 | split | split | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 leading | conj |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 India | case |
| 21 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 split | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Pakistan | cc |
| 23 | Pakistan | Pakistan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 India | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 forced | punct |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 forced | nsubj |
| 26 | forced | force | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 Pakistan | acl:relcl |
| 27 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 forced | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 people | case |
| 29 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 millions | nmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 leave | mark |
| 31 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 forced | xcomp |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 homes | nmod:poss |
| 33 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 leave | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 won | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | past | India | independence | 1947 | after a long movement | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Eventuality | ||
| 2 | lead | gerund | Gandhi | non-violent protest | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent protest=Theme | ||||
| 3 | split | past · passive | Gandhi not said here | into India and Pakistan result | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: into india=Result | ||||
| 4 | force | past | Pakistan | millions of people | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent million=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | leave | to-infinitive | millions of people not said here | people's homes | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/9/