What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge, sentence 0

When two rivers meet, the water mixes into something new, but some fish from each river are lost; when peoples met, they too made new things, like jazz, Haitian Creole, mestizo culture and fish and chips, and lost others, like burned books and languages that nearly fell silent.

Who acts: two rivers, water, peoples, languages · What happens: meet, mix, lose, make, burn, fall · To what, where: fish, new things, others

This is a sentence of the lesson «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two rivers, water, peoples, languages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	4 meet	mark
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 rivers	nummod
3	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 meet	nsubj
4	meet	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 mixes	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mixes	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 water	det
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mixes	nsubj
8	mixes	mix	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	into	into	ADP	_	10 something	case
10	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 mixes	obl
11	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 something	amod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mixes	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 lost	cc
14	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	15 fish	det
15	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 lost	nsubj:pass
16	from	from	ADP	_	18 river	case
17	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	18 river	det
18	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 fish	nmod
19	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 lost	aux:pass
20	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 mixes	conj
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 mixes	punct
22	when	when	SCONJ	_	24 met	mark
23	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 met	nsubj
24	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 made	advcl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 met	punct
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 made	nsubj
27	too	too	ADV	_	28 made	advmod
28	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 lost	conj
29	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 things	amod
30	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 made	obj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 jazz	punct
32	like	like	ADP	_	33 jazz	case
33	jazz	jazz	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 made	obl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 Creole	punct
35	Haitian	haitian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 Creole	amod
36	Creole	creole	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 jazz	conj
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 culture	punct
38	mestizo	mestizo	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 culture	compound
39	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 jazz	nmod
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 fish	cc
41	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 culture	conj
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 chips	cc
43	chips	chip	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 culture	conj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 others	punct
45	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 lost	cc
46	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 made	conj
47	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 lost	obj
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 books	punct
49	like	like	ADP	_	51 books	case
50	burned	burn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	51 books	amod
51	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 lost	obl
52	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 languages	cc
53	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	51 books	conj
54	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	56 fell	nsubj
55	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	56 fell	advmod
56	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	53 languages	acl:relcl
57	silent	silent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	56 fell	xcomp
58	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 mixes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	meet	present	two rivers			vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mix	present	the water		into something	vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient into something=Co-Patient
3	lose	present · passive		some fish from each river		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
4	meet	past	peoples			vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	make	past	peoples = people	new things	like jazz mestizo culture and fish and chips and Haitian Creole	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product
6	lose	past	peoples = people not said here	others	like burned books and languages	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Eventuality
7	burn	participle				vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	fall	past	languages		nearly, silent property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:077-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained/0/