Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, sentence 19
Britain bought lots of tea from China and paid in silver; British traders then sold the harmful drug opium in China to get silver back, China banned it, and the Opium War of 1839–1842 ended with Hong Kong going to Britain.
Who acts: Britain, British traders, China, Opium War, Hong · What happens: buy, pay, sell, get back, ban, end · To what, where: lots, China, silver, harmful drug opium, Britain
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Britain, British traders, China, Opium War), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 bought | nsubj |
| 2 | bought | buy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 bought | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 tea | case |
| 5 | tea | tea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lots | nmod |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 China | case |
| 7 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 bought | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 paid | cc |
| 9 | paid | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 bought | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 silver | case |
| 11 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 paid | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 sold | punct |
| 13 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 traders | amod |
| 14 | traders | trader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sold | nsubj |
| 15 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 sold | advmod |
| 16 | sold | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 bought | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 opium | det |
| 18 | harmful | harmful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 opium | amod |
| 19 | drug | drug | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 opium | compound |
| 20 | opium | opium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sold | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 China | case |
| 22 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 sold | obl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 get | mark |
| 24 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 sold | advcl |
| 25 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 get | obj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 get | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 banned | punct |
| 28 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 banned | nsubj |
| 29 | banned | ban | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 bought | conj |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 banned | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 ended | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 ended | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 War | det |
| 34 | Opium | Opium | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 War | compound |
| 35 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 ended | nsubj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 1839 | case |
| 37 | 1839 | 1839 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 35 War | nmod |
| 38 | – | – | SYM | ExtPos=ADP | 37 1839 | punct |
| 39 | 1842 | 1842 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 37 1839 | conj |
| 40 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 bought | conj |
| 41 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 44 going | mark |
| 42 | Hong | Hong | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 going | nsubj |
| 43 | Kong | Kong | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Hong | flat |
| 44 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 40 ended | advcl |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 Britain | case |
| 46 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 going | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 bought | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | buy | past | Britain | lots of tea | China | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent lot=Theme from china=Source | |||
| 2 | pay | past | Britain not said here | silver | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | sell | past | British traders | the harmful drug opium | China | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opium=Theme | ||
| 4 | get back | to-infinitive | British traders not said here | silver | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer silver=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | ban | past | China | silver | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme | ||||
| 6 | end | past | the Opium War of 1839 | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | go | gerund | Hong | Britain | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to britain=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/19/