Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese, sentence 0

Most English plurals just add -s or -es (cat, cats; box, boxes), but some very old words change the vowel inside instead: mouse, mice; goose, geese; foot, feet; tooth, teeth; man, men.

Who acts: Most English plurals, old words · What happens: add, change · To what, where: -s, vowel

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most English plurals, old words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 plurals	amod
2	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plurals	amod
3	plurals	plural	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 add	nsubj
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 add	advmod
5	add	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	-s	-	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 add	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 es	cc
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 or	punct
9	es	e	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 -s	conj
10	(	(	PUNCT	_	11 cat	punct
11	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 es	appos
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 cats	punct
13	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cat	conj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 box	punct
15	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cat	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 boxes	punct
17	boxes	box	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cat	conj
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	11 cat	punct
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 change	punct
20	but	but	CCONJ	_	25 change	cc
21	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	24 words	det
22	very	very	ADV	_	23 old	advmod
23	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 words	amod
24	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 change	nsubj
25	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 add	conj
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 vowel	det
27	vowel	vowel	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 change	obj
28	inside	inside	ADV	_	25 change	advmod
29	instead	instead	ADV	_	25 change	advmod
30	:	:	PUNCT	_	25 change	punct
31	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 change	parataxis
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 mice	punct
33	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 mouse	conj
34	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 goose	punct
35	goose	goose	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 mice	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 geese	punct
37	geese	geese	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 mouse	conj
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 foot	punct
39	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 goose	conj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 feet	punct
41	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 goose	conj
42	;	;	PUNCT	_	43 tooth	punct
43	tooth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 goose	conj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 teeth	punct
45	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 goose	conj
46	;	;	PUNCT	_	47 man	punct
47	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 goose	conj
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 men	punct
49	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 goose	conj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 add	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	present	Most English plurals	-s or es					vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent -=Patient
2	change	present	some old words	the vowel				inside, instead property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vowel=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:010-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/10-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese/0/