Is there one proper English? The big arguments, sentence 12
English has no official academy; French has the Académie Française; dictionaries and style guides record how people write.
Who acts: English, French, dictionaries, people · What happens: have, record, write · To what, where: official academy, Académie Française
This is a sentence of the lesson «Is there one proper English? The big arguments» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English, French, dictionaries, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 academy | det |
| 4 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 academy | amod |
| 5 | academy | academy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 has | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 has | punct |
| 7 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 has | nsubj |
| 8 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 has | parataxis |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Française | det |
| 10 | Académie | Académie | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Française | compound |
| 11 | Française | Française | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 has | obj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 dictionaries | punct |
| 13 | dictionaries | dictionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 record | nsubj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 guides | cc |
| 15 | style | style | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 guides | compound |
| 16 | guides | guide | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 dictionaries | conj |
| 17 | record | record | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 has | parataxis |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 write | advmod |
| 19 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 write | nsubj |
| 20 | write | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 record | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | English | no official academy | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent academy=Patient | ||||
| 2 | have | present | French | the Académie Française | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent française=Patient | ||||
| 3 | record | present | dictionaries and style guides | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | write | present | people | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:020-is-there-one-proper-english.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/20-is-there-one-proper-english/12/