Where English came from, sentence 16

In "Ye Olde Tea Shoppe" the Y stands for an old letter called thorn (þ), which made a "th" sound, so people always said "the".

Who acts: Y, old letter, people · What happens: stand, call, make, say · To what, where: Ye Tea Shoppe, thorn, th sound, the · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Y, old letter, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	6 Shoppe	case
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Shoppe	punct
3	Ye	Ye	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Shoppe	compound
4	Olde	Olde	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Ye	flat
5	Tea	Tea	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Shoppe	compound
6	Shoppe	shoppe	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 stands	obl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Shoppe	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Y	det
9	Y	Y	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 stands	nsubj
10	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	for	for	ADP	_	14 letter	case
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 letter	det
13	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 letter	amod
14	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stands	obl
15	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 letter	acl
16	thorn	thorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 called	xcomp
17	(	(	PUNCT	_	18 þ	punct
18	þ	þ	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 thorn	appos
19	)	)	PUNCT	_	18 þ	punct
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 made	punct
21	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 made	nsubj
22	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 letter	acl:relcl
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 sound	det
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 th	punct
25	th	th	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 sound	compound
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 th	punct
27	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 made	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 said	punct
29	so	so	ADV	_	32 said	advmod
30	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 said	nsubj
31	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	32 said	advmod
32	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 stands	parataxis
33	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 the	punct
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 said	obj
35	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 the	punct
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 stands	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=narrator, polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	stand	present	the Y		Ye Tea Shoppe	for a old letter	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shoppe=Location
2	call	participle	a old letter not said here	thorn			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	make	past	a old letter	a th sound			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
4	say speech: assert	past	people	the		always property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent the=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/16/