Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more, sentence 5
"Pyjamas" (leg garment), "shampoo" (first meaning press or massage) and "bungalow" (a house in the Bengal style) came from Hindi and Urdu during British rule in India.
Who acts: shampoo, Pyjamas · What happens: mean, come · To what, where: press, Hindi
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shampoo, Pyjamas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pyjamas | punct |
| 2 | Pyjamas | Pyjamas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 came | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pyjamas | punct |
| 4 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 6 garment | punct |
| 5 | leg | leg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 garment | compound |
| 6 | garment | garment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Pyjamas | appos |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 garment | punct |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 shampoo | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 shampoo | punct |
| 10 | shampoo | shampoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Pyjamas | conj |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 shampoo | punct |
| 12 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 14 meaning | punct |
| 13 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 14 meaning | advmod |
| 14 | meaning | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 shampoo | acl |
| 15 | press | press | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 meaning | obj |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 massage | cc |
| 17 | massage | massage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 press | conj |
| 18 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 press | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 bungalow | cc |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 bungalow | punct |
| 21 | bungalow | bungalow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Pyjamas | conj |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 bungalow | punct |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 house | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 house | det |
| 25 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bungalow | appos |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 style | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 style | det |
| 28 | Bengal | Bengal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 style | compound |
| 29 | style | style | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 house | nmod |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 house | punct |
| 31 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 32 | from | from | ADP | _ | 33 Hindi | case |
| 33 | Hindi | Hindi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 came | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 Urdu | cc |
| 35 | Urdu | Urdu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Hindi | conj |
| 36 | during | during | ADP | _ | 38 rule | case |
| 37 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 rule | amod |
| 38 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 came | obl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 India | case |
| 40 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 rule | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | gerund | shampoo not said here | press or massage | first property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent press=Topic | |||
| 2 | come | past | Pyjamas and shampoo and bungalow | Hindi and Urdu | during British rule in India | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from hindi=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/5/