Idioms taken literally, sentence 3

People love telling stories about where idioms came from, but many of those stories are guesses; when nobody is sure, a good speaker says "maybe".

Who acts: People, idioms, many, nobody, good speaker · What happens: love, tell, come, be, say · To what, where: stories, guesses · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, idioms, many, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 love	nsubj
2	love	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	telling	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 love	xcomp
4	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 telling	obj
5	about	about	SCONJ	_	8 came	mark
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 came	advmod
7	idioms	idiom	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 came	nsubj
8	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 stories	acl
9	from	from	ADP	_	8 came	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 guesses	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 guesses	cc
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 guesses	nsubj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 stories	case
14	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	15 stories	det
15	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 many	nmod
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 guesses	cop
17	guesses	guess	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 love	conj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 sure	punct
19	when	when	SCONJ	_	22 sure	mark
20	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	22 sure	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 sure	cop
22	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 says	advcl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 says	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 speaker	det
25	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 speaker	amod
26	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 says	nsubj
27	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 love	parataxis
28	"	"	PUNCT	_	29 maybe	punct
29	maybe	maybe	ADV	_	27 says	ccomp
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	29 maybe	punct
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 love	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: other
voice: character
polarity: none
hedged: yes
teacher: changed hedge=1

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	love	present	People			vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	tell speech: assert not said to happen	gerund	People not said here	stories		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient
3	come	past	idioms			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is a	present	many of that stories	guesses		tree rules
5	is	present	nobody		sure property	tree rules
6	say speech: assert	present	a good speaker			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/3/