How babies learn to talk, sentence 8

Around age 2, children put two or three key words together, like "Me want biscuit!", leaving out small words; this is called telegraphic speech and is normal.

Who acts: children, Me · What happens: put, want, leave out, call, be · To what, where: two key words, age, biscuit, small words, this · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How babies learn to talk» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, Me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Around	around	ADP	_	2 age	case
2	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 put	obl
3	2	2	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 age	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 age	punct
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 put	nsubj
6	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 words	nummod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 three	cc
9	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 two	conj
10	key	key	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 words	amod
11	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 put	obj
12	together	together	ADV	_	6 put	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 want	punct
14	like	like	ADP	_	17 want	mark
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 want	punct
16	Me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 want	nsubj
17	want	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 put	conj
18	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 want	obj
19	!	!	PUNCT	_	18 biscuit	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 want	punct
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 leaving	punct
22	leaving	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 put	advcl
23	out	out	ADP	_	22 leaving	compound:prt
24	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 words	amod
25	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 leaving	obj
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 called	punct
27	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	29 called	nsubj:pass
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 called	aux:pass
29	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 put	parataxis
30	telegraphic	telegraphic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 speech	amod
31	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 called	xcomp
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 normal	cc
33	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 normal	cop
34	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 called	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 put	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	put	present	children	two key words	around age	together property	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent word=Theme around age=Destination
2	want in a quote	present	Me	biscuit			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot biscuit=Theme
3	leave out	gerund	children not said here	small words			vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
4	call speech: express	present · passive		this			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
5	is	present				normal property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:031-how-babies-learn-to-talk.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/31-how-babies-learn-to-talk/8/