Ukrainian compared with English, sentence 12
"Kiev" came from the Russian spelling; "Kyiv" follows Ukrainian, and after the #KyivNotKiev campaign started in 2018, many governments, airports and newspapers switched to "Kyiv".
Who acts: Kiev, Kyiv, # KyivNotKiev campaign, many governments · What happens: come, follow, start, switch · To what, where: Russian spelling, Ukrainian, 2018, Kyiv
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukrainian compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kiev, Kyiv, # KyivNotKiev campaign, many governments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Kiev | punct |
| 2 | Kiev | Kiev | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Kiev | punct |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 spelling | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 spelling | det |
| 7 | Russian | Russian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 spelling | amod |
| 8 | spelling | spelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 follows | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 Kyiv | punct |
| 11 | Kyiv | Kyiv | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 follows | nsubj |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 Kyiv | punct |
| 13 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | parataxis |
| 14 | Ukrainian | Ukrainian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 follows | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 started | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 started | cc |
| 17 | after | after | ADP | _ | 21 campaign | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 campaign | det |
| 19 | # | # | SYM | Number=Sing | 21 campaign | compound |
| 20 | KyivNotKiev | KyivNotKiev | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 campaign | compound |
| 21 | campaign | campaign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 started | nsubj |
| 22 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 2018 | case |
| 24 | 2018 | 2018 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 started | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 governments | punct |
| 26 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 governments | amod |
| 27 | governments | government | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 switched | nsubj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 airports | punct |
| 29 | airports | airport | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 governments | conj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 newspapers | cc |
| 31 | newspapers | newspaper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 governments | conj |
| 32 | switched | switch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | parataxis |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 Kyiv | case |
| 34 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 Kyiv | punct |
| 35 | Kyiv | Kyiv | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 switched | obl |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 Kyiv | punct |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Kiev | the Russian spelling | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from spelling=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | follow | present | Kyiv | Ukrainian | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ukrainian=Theme | ||||
| 3 | start | past | the # KyivNotKiev campaign | 2018 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | switch | past | many governments and airports and newspapers | Kyiv | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to kyiv=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:033-ukrainian-compared-with-english.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/12/