Words that changed their meaning, sentence 9

Old English "sæd" meant full, as after a big meal; it later came to mean heavy and serious, and then unhappy.

Who acts: Old English sæd, sæd · What happens: mean, come

This is a sentence of the lesson «Words that changed their meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Old English sæd, sæd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sæd	amod
2	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 sæd	compound
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 sæd	punct
4	sæd	sæd	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 meant	nsubj
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 sæd	punct
6	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 meant	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 meal	punct
9	as	as	ADP	_	13 meal	case
10	after	after	ADP	_	13 meal	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 meal	det
12	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 meal	amod
13	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 meant	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 came	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 came	nsubj
16	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	17 came	advmod
17	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 meant	parataxis
18	to	to	PART	_	19 mean	mark
19	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 came	xcomp
20	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 mean	xcomp
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 serious	cc
22	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 heavy	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 unhappy	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 unhappy	cc
25	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	26 unhappy	advmod
26	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 heavy	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 meant	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	mean	past	Old English sæd	as a big meal; full property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as meal=Attribute
2	come	past	sæd	late property	tree rules
3	mean	to-infinitive	sæd not said here	heavy property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:038-words-that-changed-their-meaning.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/9/