Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, sentence 7

A pronoun must point clearly: in "Max told Leo that he had won" nobody knows who won, so a good writer uses a name again.

Who acts: pronoun, Max, nobody, good writer · What happens: point, tell, win, know, use · To what, where: Leo, name · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pronoun, Max, nobody, good writer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pronoun	det
2	pronoun	pronoun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 point	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 point	aux
4	point	point	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	4 point	advmod
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 told	punct
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 told	mark
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 told	punct
9	Max	Max	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 told	nsubj
10	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 point	parataxis
11	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 told	iobj
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 won	mark
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 won	nsubj
14	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 won	aux
15	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	10 told	ccomp
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 knows	punct
17	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	18 knows	nsubj
18	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 won	conj
19	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 won	nsubj
20	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 knows	ccomp
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 uses	punct
22	so	so	ADV	_	26 uses	advmod
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 writer	det
24	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 writer	amod
25	writer	writer	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 uses	nsubj
26	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 told	ccomp
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 name	det
28	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 uses	obj
29	again	again	ADV	_	26 uses	advmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 point	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	point	must	a pronoun				clearly property	tree rules
2	tell speech: assert in a quote	past	Max		Leo			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent leo=Recipient clause=Topic
3	win in a quote	past · perfect	Max					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	know	present	nobody					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	win	past						vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	use	present	a good writer	a name		again		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/7/