Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes, sentence 16

"Snuck" began in American dialects and is now very common in the US; in British English "sneaked" is the standard written form, and both are in major dictionaries.

Who acts: Snuck, both · What happens: begin, be, sneak, write · To what, where: American dialects, British English, standard written form, major dictionaries

This is a sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snuck, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Snuck	punct
2	Snuck	Snuck	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 began	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Snuck	punct
4	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 dialects	case
6	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 dialects	amod
7	dialects	dialect	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 began	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 common	cc
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 common	cop
10	now	now	ADV	_	12 common	advmod
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 common	advmod
12	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 began	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 US	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 US	det
15	US	US	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 common	obl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 sneaked	punct
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 English	case
18	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 English	amod
19	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 sneaked	obl
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 sneaked	punct
21	sneaked	sneak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 form	nsubj
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 sneaked	punct
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 form	cop
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 form	det
25	standard	standard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 form	amod
26	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 form	amod
27	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 began	parataxis
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 dictionaries	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 dictionaries	cc
30	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	34 dictionaries	nsubj
31	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 dictionaries	cop
32	in	in	ADP	_	34 dictionaries	case
33	major	major	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 dictionaries	amod
34	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 began	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 began	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	Snuck		American dialects			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	is	present	Snuck not said here			now	in the US; common property	tree rules
3	sneak in a quote	participle			British English			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in english=Trajectory
4	write	participle						vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is a	present		the standard written form				tree rules
6	is	present	both		major dictionaries			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/16/