Taxes and the government's budget, sentence 3
Each year the government plans its spending in a budget, and in the UK the minister in charge holds up a famous red box on budget day; if it spends more than it collects, it borrows, and its debt grows.
Who acts: government, minister, debt · What happens: plan, hold up, spend, collect, borrow, grow · To what, where: spending, budget, famous red box, UK, more
This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (government, minister, debt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 year | det |
| 2 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 plans | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 government | det |
| 4 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 plans | nsubj |
| 5 | plans | plan | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 holds | conj |
| 6 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 spending | nmod:poss |
| 7 | spending | spending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 plans | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 budget | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 budget | det |
| 10 | budget | budget | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 spending | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 UK | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 UK | cc |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 UK | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 UK | det |
| 15 | UK | UK | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 holds | obl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 minister | det |
| 17 | minister | minister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 holds | nsubj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 charge | case |
| 19 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 minister | nmod |
| 20 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 holds | compound:prt |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 box | det |
| 23 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 box | amod |
| 24 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 box | amod |
| 25 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 holds | obj |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 day | case |
| 27 | budget | budget | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 day | compound |
| 28 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 holds | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 spends | punct |
| 30 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 spends | mark |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 spends | nsubj |
| 32 | spends | spend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 holds | conj |
| 33 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 spends | obj |
| 34 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 36 collects | mark |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 collects | nsubj |
| 36 | collects | collect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 more | advcl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 collects | punct |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 borrows | nsubj |
| 39 | borrows | borrow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 spends | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 grows | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 grows | cc |
| 42 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 debt | nmod:poss |
| 43 | debt | debt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 grows | nsubj |
| 44 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 borrows | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 plans | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | plan | present | the government | government's spending | a budget | year | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spending=Topic | ||
| 2 | hold up | present | the minister in charge | a famous red box | the UK | day | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot box=Theme | ||
| 3 | spend a condition, not said to happen | present | minister | more | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Asset | ||||
| 4 | collect | present | minister | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | borrow | present | minister | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | grow | present | government's debt | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | spend | government | a budget | nom spending «act transitive»: poss=agent in=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/3/