Colds, coughs and the weather, sentence 8
Colds are more common in winter mostly because people are indoors close together, and some cold viruses survive better in cold, dry air.
Who acts: Colds, people, cold viruses · What happens: be, survive · To what, where: cold dry air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Colds, coughs and the weather» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Colds, people, cold viruses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colds | cold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 common | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 common | cop |
| 3 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 common | advmod |
| 4 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 winter | case |
| 6 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 common | obl |
| 7 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 12 close | advmod |
| 8 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 12 close | mark |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 close | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 close | cop |
| 11 | indoors | indoors | ADV | _ | 12 close | advmod |
| 12 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 common | advcl |
| 13 | together | together | ADV | _ | 12 close | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 survive | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 survive | cc |
| 16 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 viruses | det |
| 17 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 viruses | amod |
| 18 | viruses | virus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 survive | nsubj |
| 19 | survive | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 common | conj |
| 20 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 19 survive | advmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 air | case |
| 22 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 air | amod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 air | punct |
| 24 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 air | amod |
| 25 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 survive | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 common | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Colds | winter | common property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | present | people | close, indoors, mostly, together property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | survive | present | some cold viruses | cold dry air | well property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:004-colds-coughs-and-the-weather.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/4-colds-coughs-and-the-weather/8/