Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums, sentence 9
Pulling back a syringe's plunger makes more room inside, the pressure drops, and the outside air pushes water in.
Who acts: Pulling, pressure, outside air · What happens: pull back, make, drop, push · To what, where: plunger, more room, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pulling, pressure, outside air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pulling | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 makes | csubj |
| 2 | back | back | ADV | _ | 1 Pulling | advmod |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 syringe | det |
| 4 | syringe | syringe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 plunger | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 syringe | case |
| 6 | plunger | plunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Pulling | obj |
| 7 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 9 room | amod |
| 9 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 makes | obj |
| 10 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 9 room | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 drops | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 pressure | det |
| 13 | pressure | pressure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 drops | nsubj |
| 14 | drops | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 makes | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 pushes | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 pushes | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 air | det |
| 18 | outside | outside | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 air | amod |
| 19 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pushes | nsubj |
| 20 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 makes | conj |
| 21 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pushes | obj |
| 22 | in | in | ADV | _ | 20 pushes | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 makes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull back | gerund | a syringe's plunger | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plunger=Theme | |||||
| 2 | make | present | Pulling | more room | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset room=Product | ||||
| 3 | drop | present | the pressure | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | push | present | the outside air | water | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/9/