Energy: what makes things happen, sentence 8

Petrol burns inside a car engine and the hot gas pushes the parts that turn the wheels; electric cars store their energy in big batteries.

Who acts: Petrol, hot gas, parts, electric cars · What happens: burn, push, turn, store · To what, where: car engine, parts, wheels, energy, big batteries

This is a sentence of the lesson «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Petrol, hot gas, parts, electric cars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 burns	nsubj
2	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 engine	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 engine	det
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 engine	compound
6	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 burns	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 pushes	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 gas	det
9	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 gas	amod
10	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pushes	nsubj
11	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 burns	conj
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 parts	det
13	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 pushes	obj
14	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 turn	nsubj
15	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 parts	acl:relcl
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 wheels	det
17	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 turn	obj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 store	punct
19	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 cars	amod
20	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 store	nsubj
21	store	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 burns	parataxis
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 energy	nmod:poss
23	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 store	obj
24	in	in	ADP	_	26 batteries	case
25	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 batteries	amod
26	batteries	battery	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 store	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 burns	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	burn	present	Petrol		a car engine	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside engine=Location
2	push	present	the hot gas	the parts		vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme
3	turn	present	the parts	the wheels		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme
4	store	present	electric cars	cars's energy	big batteries	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme in battery=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:031-energy-what-makes-things-happen.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/31-energy-what-makes-things-happen/8/