Pulleys, gears and big machines, sentence 1

Thread a rope through several pulleys and the load hangs on many lengths of rope that share its weight, so a builder pulls with much less force, but must pull much more rope.

Who acts: you, load, many lengths, builder · What happens: thread, hang, share, pull · To what, where: rope, several pulleys, many lengths, weight, more rope

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, load, many lengths, builder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thread	thread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 rope	det
3	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Thread	obj
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 pulleys	case
5	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 pulleys	amod
6	pulleys	pulley	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Thread	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 hangs	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 load	det
9	load	load	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hangs	nsubj
10	hangs	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Thread	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 lengths	case
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 lengths	amod
13	lengths	length	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hangs	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 rope	case
15	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lengths	nmod
16	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 share	nsubj
17	share	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 lengths	acl:relcl
18	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 weight	nmod:poss
19	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 share	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 pulls	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	24 pulls	advmod
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 builder	det
23	builder	builder	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 pulls	nsubj
24	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Thread	advcl
25	with	with	ADP	_	28 force	case
26	much	much	ADV	_	27 less	advmod
27	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	28 force	amod
28	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 pulls	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 pull	punct
30	but	but	CCONJ	_	32 pull	cc
31	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 pull	aux
32	pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	24 pulls	conj
33	much	much	ADV	_	34 more	advmod
34	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	35 rope	amod
35	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 pull	obj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Thread	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	thread	imperative	you not said here	a rope	several pulleys		vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Patient
2	hang	present	the load		many lengths of rope		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on length=Location
3	share	present	many lengths of rope	rope's weight			tree rules
4	pull	present	a builder			with less force	vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with force=Beneficiary
5	pull	must	a builder not said here	more rope			vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:035-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/35-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines/1/