Pulleys, gears and big machines, sentence 5
A single pulley changes the direction of a pull, so you can pull down, using your own weight, to lift something up.
Who acts: single pulley, you · What happens: change, pull down, use, lift up · To what, where: direction, own weight, something
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single pulley, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 pulley | det |
| 2 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pulley | amod |
| 3 | pulley | pulley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 changes | nsubj |
| 4 | changes | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 direction | det |
| 6 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 changes | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 pull | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 pull | det |
| 9 | pull | pull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 direction | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 pull | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 pull | advmod |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 pull | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 pull | aux |
| 14 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 changes | parataxis |
| 15 | down | down | ADP | _ | 14 pull | compound:prt |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 using | punct |
| 17 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 pull | advcl |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 weight | nmod:poss |
| 19 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 weight | amod |
| 20 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 using | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 lift | punct |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 lift | mark |
| 23 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 pull | advcl |
| 24 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 23 lift | obj |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 lift | compound:prt |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 changes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | present | a single pulley | the direction of a pull | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient | ||||
| 2 | pull down | can | you | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | use | gerund | you not said here | your own weight | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Patient | ||||
| 4 | lift up | to-infinitive | you not said here | something | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:035-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/35-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines/5/