Immigration and borders, sentence 10
Many countries invite workers they need, like doctors, nurses and builders; some say numbers have been too high for housing and services, others say countries need these workers.
Who acts: Many countries, People, some, numbers, others, countries · What happens: invite, need, say, be · To what, where: workers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many countries, People, some, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 countries | amod |
| 2 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 invite | nsubj |
| 3 | invite | invite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | workers | worker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 invite | obj |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 need | nsubj |
| 6 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 workers | acl:relcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 doctors | punct |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 9 doctors | case |
| 9 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 workers | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 nurses | punct |
| 11 | nurses | nurse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 doctors | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 builders | cc |
| 13 | builders | builder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 nurses | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 say | punct |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 say | nsubj |
| 16 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 invite | parataxis |
| 17 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 high | nsubj |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 high | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 high | cop |
| 20 | too | too | ADV | _ | 21 high | advmod |
| 21 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 say | ccomp |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 housing | case |
| 23 | housing | housing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 high | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 services | cc |
| 25 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 housing | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 say | punct |
| 27 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 say | nsubj |
| 28 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 invite | parataxis |
| 29 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 need | nsubj |
| 30 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 say | ccomp |
| 31 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 32 workers | det |
| 32 | workers | worker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 need | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 invite | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invite | present | Many countries | workers | like doctors and nurses and builders | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worker=Recipient | |||
| 2 | need | present | People | workers not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot worker=Theme | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | some | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | present · perfect | numbers | for housing and services; high property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | present | others | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | need | present | countries | this workers | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot worker=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:019-immigration-and-borders.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/10/