Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections, sentence 11
The liar's dividend means people use the existence of fakes to deny things that really happened.
Who acts: dividend, people, things, fakes · What happens: mean, use, deny, happen, exist · To what, where: existence, things · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dividend, people, things, fakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 liar | det |
| 2 | liar | liar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dividend | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 liar | case |
| 4 | dividend | dividend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 means | nsubj |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 use | nsubj |
| 7 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 means | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 existence | det |
| 9 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 use | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 fakes | case |
| 11 | fakes | fake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 existence | nmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 deny | mark |
| 13 | deny | deny | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 use | advcl |
| 14 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 deny | obj |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 happened | nsubj |
| 16 | really | really | ADV | _ | 17 happened | advmod |
| 17 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 things | acl:relcl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | the liar's dividend | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | use | present | people | the existence of fakes | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Patient | ||||
| 3 | deny | to-infinitive | people not said here | things | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | happen | past | things | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | exist | fakes | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/11/