Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections, sentence 7

People disagree about how much that meddling changed: some say it reached millions, others say it is hard to show it changed many votes.

Who acts: People, meddling, some, others · What happens: disagree, change, say, reach, be, show · To what, where: millions, many votes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, meddling, some, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 disagree	nsubj
2	disagree	disagree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	SCONJ	_	8 changed	mark
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 much	advmod
5	much	much	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 changed	advmod
6	that	that	DET	PronType=Dem	7 meddling	mark
7	meddling	meddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 changed	nsubj
8	changed	change	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 disagree	ccomp
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 say	punct
10	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	11 say	nsubj
11	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 changed	parataxis
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 reached	nsubj
13	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 say	ccomp
14	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 reached	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 say	punct
16	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 say	nsubj
17	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 say	parataxis
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 hard	expl
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 hard	cop
20	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 say	ccomp
21	to	to	PART	_	22 show	mark
22	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 hard	csubj
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 changed	nsubj
24	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 show	ccomp
25	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 votes	amod
26	votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 changed	obj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 disagree	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	disagree	present	People			tree rules
2	change	participle	meddling			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	present	some			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	reach	past	meddling = meddle	millions		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent million=Theme
5	say speech: assert	present	others			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
6	is	present			hard property	tree rules
7	show	to-infinitive				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
8	change	past	meddling = meddle	many votes		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vote=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/7/