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Hinduism and Sikhism, sentence 1

Hindus believe that what we do has consequences (karma) and that souls are born again and again until they reach freedom (moksha); many also follow ahimsa, non-violence to all living things.

Who acts: Hindus, we, many · What happens: believe, do, have, bear, reach, follow · To what, where: consequences, souls, freedom, ahimsa, living things · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Hinduism and Sikhism» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hindus, we, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

nsubjmarkobjnsubjcsubjccompobjpunctappospunctccmarknsubj:passaux:passconjadvmodccconjmarknsubjadvclobjpunctappospunctpunctnsubjadvmodparataxisobjpunctconjcasedetamodnmodpunctrootHindusPROPNbelieveVERBthatSCONJwhatPRONwePRONdoVERBhasVERBconsequencesNOUN(PUNCTkarmaNOUN)PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJsoulsNOUNareAUXbornVERBagainADVandCCONJagainADVuntilSCONJtheyPRONreachVERBfreedomNOUN(PUNCTmokshaNOUN)PUNCT;PUNCTmanyADJalsoADVfollowVERBahimsaNOUN,PUNCTnon-violenceNOUNtoADPallDETlivingVERBthingsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HindusHinduPROPNNumber=Plur2 believensubj
2believebelieveVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3thatthatSCONJ_7 hasmark
4whatwhatPRONPronType=Int6 doobj
5wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs6 donsubj
6dodoVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 hascsubj
7hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin2 believeccomp
8consequencesconsequenceNOUNNumber=Plur7 hasobj
9((PUNCT_10 karmapunct
10karmakarmaNOUNNumber=Sing8 consequencesappos
11))PUNCT_10 karmapunct
12andandCCONJ_16 borncc
13thatthatSCONJ_16 bornmark
14soulssoulNOUNNumber=Plur16 bornnsubj:pass
15arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin16 bornaux:pass
16bornbearVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass7 hasconj
17againagainADV_16 bornadvmod
18andandCCONJ_19 againcc
19againagainADV_17 againconj
20untiluntilSCONJ_22 reachmark
21theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs22 reachnsubj
22reachreachVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin16 bornadvcl
23freedomfreedomNOUNNumber=Sing22 reachobj
24((PUNCT_25 mokshapunct
25mokshamokshaNOUNNumber=Sing23 freedomappos
26))PUNCT_25 mokshapunct
27;;PUNCT_22 reachpunct
28manymanyADJDegree=Pos30 follownsubj
29alsoalsoADV_30 followadvmod
30followfollowVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin2 believeparataxis
31ahimsaahimsaNOUNNumber=Sing30 followobj
32,,PUNCT_33 non-violencepunct
33non-violencenon-violenceNOUNNumber=Sing31 ahimsaconj
34totoADP_37 thingscase
35allallDETPronType=Tot37 thingsdet
36livingliveVERBVerbForm=Ger37 thingsamod
37thingsthingNOUNNumber=Plur31 ahimsanmod
38..PUNCT_2 believepunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1believepresentHindusvn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2dopresentwevn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
3havepresentconsequencesvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Patient
4bearpresent · passivesoulsagainvn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
5reachpresentHindus = hindufreedomvn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent freedom=Theme
6followpresentmanyahimsa and non-violenceall living thingsvn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ahimsa=Theme to thing=Trajectory
7livegerundvn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:032-hinduism-and-sikhism.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/32-hinduism-and-sikhism/1/