Constellations and the night sky in winter and spring, sentence 4
In spring Leo appears in the south with his backwards question mark, the Sickle; and the curve of the Plough's handle leads you to "arc to Arcturus" and "speed on to Spica".
Who acts: Leo, curve · What happens: appear, lead, speed on, mark · To what, where: south, you, Spica
This is a sentence of the lesson «Constellations and the night sky in winter and spring» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leo, curve), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 spring | case |
| 2 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 appears | obl |
| 3 | Leo | Leo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 appears | nsubj |
| 4 | appears | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 south | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 south | det |
| 7 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 appears | obl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 mark | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 mark | nmod:poss |
| 10 | backwards | backward | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 question | compound |
| 11 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 mark | compound |
| 12 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 appears | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Sickle | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Sickle | det |
| 15 | Sickle | Sickle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 mark | appos |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 leads | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 leads | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 curve | det |
| 19 | curve | curve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 leads | nsubj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 handle | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Plough | det |
| 22 | Plough | Plough | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 handle | nmod:poss |
| 23 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 22 Plough | case |
| 24 | handle | handle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 curve | nmod |
| 25 | leads | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 appears | conj |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 leads | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 arc | mark |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 arc | punct |
| 29 | arc | arc | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 leads | xcomp |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 Arcturus | case |
| 31 | Arcturus | Arcturus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 arc | nmod |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 arc | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 speed | cc |
| 34 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 speed | punct |
| 35 | speed | speed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 arc | conj |
| 36 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 speed | compound:prt |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 Spica | case |
| 38 | Spica | Spica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 speed | obl |
| 39 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 speed | punct |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 appears | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | present | Leo | the south | spring | with Leo's question mark | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in south=Location | ||
| 2 | lead | present | the curve of the Plough's handle | you | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | ||||
| 3 | speed on in a quote | infinitive | the curve of the Plough's handle not said here | Spica | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent to spica=Result | ||||
| 4 | mark | Leo | nom mark «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:020-constellations-and-the-night-sky-in-winter-and-spring.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/20-constellations-and-the-night-sky-in-winter-and-spring/4/