How we know: measuring the sky, sentence 12

Helium was discovered in the Sun's spectrum in 1868, more than 25 years before it was found on Earth, and its name comes from the Greek word for Sun.

Who acts: name, spectrum · What happens: discover, find, come, name · To what, where: Helium, spectrum, Earth, Greek word

This is a sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, spectrum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helium	helium	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 discovered	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 discovered	aux:pass
3	discovered	discover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	8 spectrum	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 spectrum	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Sun	case
8	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 discovered	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 1868	case
10	1868	1868	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 discovered	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 years	punct
12	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	14 25	advmod
13	than	than	ADP	_	12 more	fixed
14	25	25	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	15 years	nummod
15	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 discovered	obl
16	before	before	SCONJ	_	19 found	mark
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 found	nsubj:pass
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 found	aux:pass
19	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 discovered	advcl
20	on	on	ADP	_	21 Earth	case
21	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 found	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 comes	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 comes	cc
24	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 name	nmod:poss
25	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 comes	nsubj
26	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 discovered	conj
27	from	from	ADP	_	30 word	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 word	det
29	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 word	amod
30	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 comes	obl
31	for	for	ADP	_	32 Sun.	case
32	Sun.	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	30 word	nmod

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	discover	past · passive		Helium	the Sun's spectrum	year	in 1868	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	find	past · passive		spectrum	Earth			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
3	come	present	spectrum's name		the Greek word for Sun.			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial_Location
4	name		spectrum					nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/12/