Venus, sentence 15

Venus may once have had oceans, but it lost its water to space as it heated up; scientists still debate how long any oceans lasted.

Who acts: Venus, ocean, scientists, oceans · What happens: have, lose, heat up, debate, last · To what, where: oceans, water

This is a sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venus, ocean, scientists, oceans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 had	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 had	aux
3	once	once	ADV	_	5 had	advmod
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 had	aux
5	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	oceans	ocean	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lost	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 lost	cc
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 lost	nsubj
10	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 had	conj
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 water	nmod:poss
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lost	obj
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 space	case
14	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lost	obl
15	as	as	SCONJ	_	17 heated	mark
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 heated	nsubj
17	heated	heat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 lost	advcl
18	up	up	ADP	_	17 heated	compound:prt
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 debate	punct
20	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 debate	nsubj
21	still	still	ADV	_	22 debate	advmod
22	debate	debate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 heated	conj
23	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	24 long	advmod
24	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	22 debate	advmod
25	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	26 oceans	det
26	oceans	ocean	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 lasted	nsubj
27	lasted	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 debate	ccomp
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 had	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	may · perfect	Venus	oceans		once property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ocean=Patient
2	lose	past	ocean	ocean's water		to space	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Eventuality
3	heat up	past	ocean				vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	debate	present	scientists		still	long property	vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	last	past	any oceans				vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:004-venus.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/15/