Electric cars and charging, sentence 17

The range is how far an electric car can go on one charge; it depends on battery size, speed, weather and heating, and cold weather shortens it, because batteries work less well in the cold and heating the car uses power.

Who acts: electric car, it, cold weather, batteries, car · What happens: go, depend, shorten, work, heat, use · To what, where: one charge, car, power

This is a sentence of the lesson «Electric cars and charging» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (electric car, it, cold weather, batteries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 range	det
2	range	range	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 is	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 far	advmod
5	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 go	advmod
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 car	det
7	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 car	amod
8	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 go	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 go	aux
10	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 is	ccomp
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 charge	case
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 charge	nummod
13	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 go	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 depends	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 depends	nsubj
16	depends	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 go	parataxis
17	on	on	ADP	_	19 size	case
18	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 size	compound
19	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 depends	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 speed	punct
21	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 size	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 weather	punct
23	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 size	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 heating	cc
25	heating	heating	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 weather	conj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 shortens	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 shortens	cc
28	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 weather	amod
29	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 shortens	nsubj
30	shortens	shorten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 depends	conj
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 shortens	obj
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 work	punct
33	because	because	SCONJ	_	35 work	mark
34	batteries	battery	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 work	nsubj
35	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 shortens	advcl
36	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	37 well	advmod
37	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	35 work	advmod
38	in	in	ADP	_	40 cold	case
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 cold	det
40	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 work	obl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 heating	cc
42	heating	heat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	40 cold	conj
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 car	det
44	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 uses	nsubj
45	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	42 heating	ccomp
46	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 uses	obj
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 go	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	go	can	a electric car		one charge	far property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on charge=Location
2	depend	present	it			on battery size and speed and weather and heating	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on size=Theme
3	shorten	present	cold weather	car			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
4	work	present	batteries			in the cold; well property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in cold=Theme
5	heat	gerund	batteries not said here				tree rules
6	use	present	the car	power			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:019-electric-cars-and-charging.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/17/