Why planes fly, sentence 10
An autopilot is a computer that holds height, speed and direction and follows a planned route, while the pilots watch and take over; some planes can even land themselves in thick fog.
Who acts: autopilot, computer, pilots, planes · What happens: be, hold, follow, plan, watch, take over · To what, where: computer, height, planned route, pilots, thick fog
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (autopilot, computer, pilots, planes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 autopilot | det |
| 2 | autopilot | autopilot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 computer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 computer | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 computer | det |
| 5 | computer | computer | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 holds | nsubj |
| 7 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 computer | acl:relcl |
| 8 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 holds | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 speed | punct |
| 10 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 height | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 direction | cc |
| 12 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 height | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 follows | cc |
| 14 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 holds | conj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 route | det |
| 16 | planned | plan | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 route | amod |
| 17 | route | route | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 follows | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 watch | punct |
| 19 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 22 watch | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 pilots | det |
| 21 | pilots | pilot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 watch | nsubj |
| 22 | watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 follows | advcl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 take | cc |
| 24 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 watch | conj |
| 25 | over | over | ADP | _ | 24 take | compound:prt |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 land | punct |
| 27 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 planes | det |
| 28 | planes | plane | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 land | nsubj |
| 29 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 land | aux |
| 30 | even | even | ADV | _ | 31 land | advmod |
| 31 | land | land | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 take | conj |
| 32 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 31 land | obj |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 fog | case |
| 34 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 fog | amod |
| 35 | fog | fog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 land | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 computer | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a autopilot | a computer | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hold | present | a computer | height and speed and direction | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent height=Theme | ||||
| 3 | follow | present | a computer not said here | a planned route | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent route=Theme | ||||
| 4 | plan | participle | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | watch | present | the pilots | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | take over | present | the pilots not said here | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | land | can | some planes | pilots = pilot | thick fog | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme in fog=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/10/