Batteries, sentence 15
Two different metals pushed into a lemon or potato make a tiny current, and several lemons together can light a small LED; this is a science-class activity with low-voltage kits and an adult, never anything to do with mains sockets.
Who acts: Two different metals, several lemons, this · What happens: push, make, light, be, do · To what, where: Two different metals, lemon, tiny current, small LED, class activity
This is a sentence of the lesson «Batteries» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Two different metals, several lemons, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 metals | nummod |
| 2 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 metals | amod |
| 3 | metals | metal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 make | nsubj |
| 4 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 metals | acl |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 lemon | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lemon | det |
| 7 | lemon | lemon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 pushed | obl |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 potato | cc |
| 9 | potato | potato | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lemon | conj |
| 10 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 current | det |
| 12 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 current | amod |
| 13 | current | current | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 make | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 light | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 light | cc |
| 16 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 lemons | amod |
| 17 | lemons | lemon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 light | nsubj |
| 18 | together | together | ADV | _ | 17 lemons | advmod |
| 19 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 light | aux |
| 20 | light | light | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 make | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 LED | det |
| 22 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 LED | amod |
| 23 | LED | LED | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 light | obj |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 make | punct |
| 25 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 activity | nsubj |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 activity | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 activity | det |
| 28 | science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 class | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 science | punct |
| 30 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 activity | compound |
| 31 | activity | activity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 make | parataxis |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 kits | case |
| 33 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 voltage | amod |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 low | punct |
| 35 | voltage | voltage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 kits | compound |
| 36 | kits | kit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 activity | nmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 adult | cc |
| 38 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 adult | det |
| 39 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 kits | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 anything | punct |
| 41 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 42 anything | advmod |
| 42 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 36 kits | conj |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 do | mark |
| 44 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 anything | acl |
| 45 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 sockets | case |
| 46 | mains | main | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 sockets | compound |
| 47 | sockets | socket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 do | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 make | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | push | participle | Two different metals not said here | a lemon or potato | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into lemon=Destination | ||||
| 2 | make | infinitive | Two different metals | a tiny current | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material current=Product | ||||
| 3 | light | can | several lemons | a small LED | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent led=Product | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | this | a class activity | with voltage kits and a adult | tree rules | |||
| 5 | do | to-infinitive | this not said here | with mains sockets | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:034-batteries.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/34-batteries/15/