Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only), sentence 15
"kozel" means goat, and as an insult it means a jerk; using animal names (korOva, svynya, kozel) for people is rude.
Who acts: kozel, goat, using · What happens: mean, use, be · To what, where: goat, jerk, animal names
This is a sentence of the lesson «Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kozel, goat, using), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 kozel | punct |
| 2 | kozel | kozel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 kozel | punct |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 means | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 means | cc |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 insult | case |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 insult | det |
| 10 | insult | insult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 means | obl |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 means | nsubj |
| 12 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 means | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 jerk | det |
| 14 | jerk | jerk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 means | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 using | punct |
| 16 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 rude | csubj |
| 17 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 names | compound |
| 18 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 using | obj |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 korOva | punct |
| 20 | korOva | korova | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 names | appos |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 svynya | punct |
| 22 | svynya | svynya | NOUN | _ | 20 korOva | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 kozel | punct |
| 24 | kozel | kozel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 svynya | appos |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 korOva | punct |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 people | case |
| 27 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 rude | obl |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 rude | cop |
| 29 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 means | conj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | kozel | goat | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goat=Topic | ||||
| 2 | mean | present | goat | a jerk | as a insult | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent jerk=Topic as insult=Attribute | |||
| 3 | use | gerund | animal names | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient | |||||
| 4 | is | present | using | for people; rude property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ukrainian-street:026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/15/