Olympiad: endings and polite forms ★★★, sentence 1

Endings tell you who is talking: a boy says ya vyhRAv, a girl ya vyhRAla; a boy is ya hoLOdnyi, a girl ya hoLOdna — so a note saying «ya vpala» was written by a girl.

Who acts: Endings, boy, note, girl · What happens: tell, talk, say, be, write · To what, where: you, ya, note · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: endings and polite forms ★★★» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Endings, boy, note, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Endings	ending	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tell	nsubj
2	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 tell	obj
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 talking	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 talking	aux
6	talking	talk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 tell	ccomp
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 says	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 boy	det
9	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 says	nsubj
10	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 talking	parataxis
11	ya	ya	X	_	10 says	ccomp
12	vyhRAv	vyhRAv	X	_	11 ya	goeswith
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 girl	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 girl	det
15	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ya	parataxis
16	ya	ya	X	_	11 ya	goeswith
17	vyhRAla	vyhrala	X	_	16 ya	goeswith
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 girl	punct
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 boy	det
20	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 girl	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 girl	cop
22	ya	ya	X	_	26 girl	case
23	hoLOdnyi	holodnyi	X	_	22 ya	goeswith
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 girl	punct
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 girl	det
26	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tell	parataxis
27	ya	ya	X	ExtPos=PROPN	26 girl	appos
28	hoLOdna	hoLOdna	X	Foreign=Yes	27 ya	goeswith
29	—	-	PUNCT	_	2 tell	punct
30	so	so	ADV	_	39 written	advmod
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 note	det
32	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 written	nsubj:pass
33	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	32 note	acl
34	«	«	PUNCT	_	35 ya	punct
35	ya	ya	X	_	33 saying	obj
36	vpala	vpala	X	_	35 ya	goeswith
37	»	»	PUNCT	_	35 ya	punct
38	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 written	aux:pass
39	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 tell	parataxis
40	by	by	ADP	_	42 girl	case
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 girl	det
42	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 written	obl
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tell	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present	Endings		you		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic
2	talk	present · progressive					vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	present	a boy				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	a boy			ya a girl	tree rules
5	say speech: assert	gerund	a note not said here	ya			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ya=Topic
6	write	past · passive	a girl	a note			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ukrainian-street:032-olympiad-endings-and-polite-forms.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/32-olympiad-endings-and-polite-forms/1/