Life cycles, sentence 0
Every living thing goes through a life cycle: it begins, grows, becomes an adult, makes young of its own, and in the end dies, while its young start the cycle again.
Who acts: living thing, thing, young · What happens: go, begin, grow, become, make, die · To what, where: life cycle, adult, young, cycle
This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (living thing, thing, young), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 thing | det |
| 2 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 thing | compound |
| 3 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 goes | nsubj |
| 4 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 cycle | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 cycle | det |
| 7 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cycle | compound |
| 8 | cycle | cycle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 goes | obl |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 begins | punct |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 begins | nsubj |
| 11 | begins | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 goes | parataxis |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 grows | punct |
| 13 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 begins | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 becomes | punct |
| 15 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 begins | conj |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 adult | det |
| 17 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 becomes | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 makes | punct |
| 19 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 goes | conj |
| 20 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 makes | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 own | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 own | nmod:poss |
| 23 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 young | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 dies | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 dies | cc |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 end | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 end | det |
| 28 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 dies | obl |
| 29 | dies | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 goes | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 start | punct |
| 31 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 34 start | mark |
| 32 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 young | nmod:poss |
| 33 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 start | nsubj |
| 34 | start | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 dies | advcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 cycle | det |
| 36 | cycle | cycle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 start | obj |
| 37 | again | again | ADV | _ | 34 start | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 goes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | present | every living thing | a life cycle | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through cycle=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | begin | present | thing | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | grow | present | thing not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | become | present | thing not said here | a adult | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | make | present | every living thing not said here | young of thing's own | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset young=Product | ||||
| 6 | die | present | every living thing not said here | in the end | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in end=Attribute | ||||
| 7 | start | present | thing's young | the cycle | again | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cycle=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:025-life-cycles.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/25-life-cycles/0/