Life cycles, sentence 1
A frog starts as an egg in a pond, hatches into a tadpole that swims and breathes with gills, then grows legs, loses its tail and becomes a frog that can live on land.
Who acts: frog, tadpole · What happens: start, hatch, swim, breathe, grow, lose · To what, where: legs, tail, frog, land
This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frog, tadpole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 frog | det |
| 2 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 starts | nsubj |
| 3 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 egg | case |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 egg | det |
| 6 | egg | egg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 starts | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 pond | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 pond | det |
| 9 | pond | pond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 egg | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 hatches | punct |
| 11 | hatches | hatch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 starts | conj |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 tadpole | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 tadpole | det |
| 14 | tadpole | tadpole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hatches | obl |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 swims | nsubj |
| 16 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 tadpole | acl:relcl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 breathes | cc |
| 18 | breathes | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 swims | conj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 gills | case |
| 20 | gills | gill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 breathes | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 grows | punct |
| 22 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 grows | advmod |
| 23 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 starts | conj |
| 24 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 grows | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 loses | punct |
| 26 | loses | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 grows | conj |
| 27 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 tail | nmod:poss |
| 28 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 loses | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 becomes | cc |
| 30 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 grows | conj |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 frog | det |
| 32 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 becomes | xcomp |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 live | nsubj |
| 34 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 live | aux |
| 35 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 frog | acl:relcl |
| 36 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 land | case |
| 37 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 live | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | present | a frog | as a egg in a pond | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | hatch | present | a frog not said here | into a tadpole | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into tadpole=Product | ||||
| 3 | swim | present | a tadpole | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | breathe | present | a tadpole not said here | with gills | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | grow | present | a frog not said here | legs | then | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leg=Theme | |||
| 6 | lose | present | a frog not said here | frog's tail | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | become | present | a frog not said here | a frog | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 8 | live | can | a frog | land | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:025-life-cycles.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/25-life-cycles/1/