Classifying unusual animals, sentence 7
A whale must come to the surface to breathe through its blowhole.
Who acts: whale · What happens: come, breathe · To what, where: surface, blowhole
This is a sentence of the lesson «Classifying unusual animals» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whale), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 whale | det |
| 2 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 come | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 come | aux |
| 4 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 surface | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 surface | det |
| 7 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 come | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 breathe | mark |
| 9 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 come | advcl |
| 10 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 blowhole | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 blowhole | nmod:poss |
| 12 | blowhole | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breathe | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 come | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | must | a whale | the surface | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to surface=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | breathe | to-infinitive | a whale not said here | whale's blowhole | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:029-classifying-unusual-animals.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/29-classifying-unusual-animals/7/