Balance in a food web, sentence 2
In a food web everything is connected, so a change to one living thing spreads: when wolves disappeared from Yellowstone Park, deer grew so many that they ate the young trees by the rivers; when wolves came back, the trees grew again.
Who acts: change, wolves, deer, trees · What happens: connect, spread, disappear, grow, eat, come back · To what, where: everything, food web, Yellowstone Park, many, young trees
This is a sentence of the lesson «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (change, wolves, deer, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 web | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 web | det |
| 3 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 web | compound |
| 4 | web | web | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 connected | obl |
| 5 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 7 connected | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 connected | aux:pass |
| 7 | connected | connect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 grew | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 change | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 spreads | advmod |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 change | det |
| 11 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spreads | nsubj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 thing | case |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 thing | nummod |
| 14 | living | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 thing | amod |
| 15 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 change | nmod |
| 16 | spreads | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 connected | parataxis |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 disappeared | punct |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 disappeared | advmod |
| 19 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 disappeared | nsubj |
| 20 | disappeared | disappear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 connected | parataxis |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 Park | case |
| 22 | Yellowstone | Yellowstone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Park | compound |
| 23 | Park | Park | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 disappeared | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 grew | punct |
| 25 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 grew | nsubj |
| 26 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 disappeared | conj |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 many | advmod |
| 28 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 grew | obj |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 ate | mark |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 ate | nsubj |
| 31 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 grew | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 trees | det |
| 33 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 trees | amod |
| 34 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 ate | obj |
| 35 | by | by | ADP | _ | 37 rivers | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 rivers | det |
| 37 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 ate | obl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 came | punct |
| 39 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 came | advmod |
| 40 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 came | nsubj |
| 41 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 grew | conj |
| 42 | back | back | ADV | _ | 41 came | advmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 connected | punct |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 trees | det |
| 45 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 grew | nsubj |
| 46 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 47 | again | again | ADV | _ | 46 grew | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 connected | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | connect | present · passive | everything | a food web | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | spread | present | a change to one living thing | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | disappear | past | wolves | Yellowstone Park | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from park=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | grow | past | deer | many | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location many=Theme | ||||
| 5 | eat | past | wolves = wolf | the young trees | by the rivers | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | |||
| 6 | come back | past | wolves | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | grow | past | the trees | again | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:030-balance-in-food-webs.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/2/