Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts, sentence 4

Mountains make deserts too: wet wind from the sea climbs the slope, cools and drops its rain on that side, and arrives dry on the far side, which lies in a rain shadow.

Who acts: Mountains, wet wind, far side, wind · What happens: make, climb, cool, drop, arrive, lie · To what, where: deserts, slope, rain, side, far side, rain shadow

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mountains, wet wind, far side, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	deserts	desert	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	too	too	ADV	_	2 make	advmod
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 wind	punct
6	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 wind	amod
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 climbs	nsubj
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 sea	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sea	det
10	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wind	nmod
11	climbs	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 make	parataxis
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 slope	det
13	slope	slope	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 climbs	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 cools	punct
15	cools	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 climbs	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 drops	cc
17	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 climbs	conj
18	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 rain	nmod:poss
19	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 drops	obj
20	on	on	ADP	_	22 side	case
21	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 side	det
22	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 drops	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 arrives	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 arrives	cc
25	arrives	arrive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 climbs	conj
26	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 arrives	xcomp
27	on	on	ADP	_	30 side	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 side	det
29	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 side	amod
30	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 arrives	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 lies	punct
32	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	33 lies	nsubj
33	lies	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 side	acl:relcl
34	in	in	ADP	_	37 shadow	case
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 shadow	det
36	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 shadow	compound
37	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 lies	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	present	Mountains	deserts			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset desert=Product
2	climb	present	wet wind from the sea	the slope			vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location slope=Theme
3	cool	present	wet wind from the sea not said here				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	drop	present	wet wind from the sea not said here	wind's rain	that side		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rain=Theme on side=Destination
5	arrive	present	wet wind from the sea not said here		the far side	dry property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	lie	present	the far side		a rain shadow		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shadow=Location
7	rain		wind				nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/4/