Volcanoes and earthquakes up close, sentence 2

A volcano erupts when magma, which is lighter than the solid rock around it and full of dissolved gas, rises into a chamber under the mountain; as it nears the surface the gas comes out of it in bubbles, like the gas in a shaken bottle of fizzy drink when the cap comes off.

Who acts: volcano, magma, gas, cap · What happens: erupt, be, dissolve, rise, near, come out · To what, where: chamber, surface, magma, bubbles

This is a sentence of the lesson «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (volcano, magma, gas, cap), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 volcano	det
2	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 erupts	nsubj
3	erupts	erupt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	22 rises	advmod
5	magma	magma	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 rises	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 lighter	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 lighter	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lighter	cop
9	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 magma	acl:relcl
10	than	than	ADP	_	13 rock	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rock	det
12	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 rock	amod
13	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lighter	obl
14	around	around	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 rock	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 full	cc
17	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lighter	conj
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 gas	case
19	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 gas	amod
20	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 full	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 rises	punct
22	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 erupts	advcl
23	into	into	ADP	_	25 chamber	case
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 chamber	det
25	chamber	chamber	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 rises	obl
26	under	under	ADP	_	28 mountain	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 mountain	det
28	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 chamber	nmod
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 nears	punct
30	as	as	SCONJ	_	32 nears	mark
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 nears	nsubj
32	nears	near	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 rises	conj
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 surface	det
34	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 nears	obj
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 gas	det
36	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 comes	nsubj
37	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 surface	acl:relcl
38	out	out	ADP	_	40 it	case
39	of	of	ADP	_	40 it	case
40	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 comes	obl
41	in	in	ADP	_	42 bubbles	case
42	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 comes	obl
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 gas	punct
44	like	like	ADP	_	46 gas	case
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 gas	det
46	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 comes	obl
47	in	in	ADP	_	50 bottle	case
48	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	50 bottle	det
49	shaken	shake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	50 bottle	amod
50	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 gas	nmod
51	of	of	ADP	_	53 drink	case
52	fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 drink	amod
53	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 bottle	nmod
54	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	57 comes	advmod
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 cap	det
56	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 comes	nsubj
57	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 nears	advcl
58	off	off	ADP	_	57 comes	compound:prt
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 erupts	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	erupt	present	a volcano				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	magma			than the solid rock around magma; light property	tree rules
3	be		magma not said here			of dissolved gas	tree rules
4	dissolve	participle					vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	rise	present	magma		a chamber under the mountain		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into chamber=Initial_Location
6	near	present	magma	the surface			tree rules
7	come out	present	the gas	magma	bubbles	like the gas in a shaken bottle of fizzy drink	vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient it=Result
8	shake	participle					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
9	come off	present	the cap				vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:062-volcanoes-and-earthquakes.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/2/