Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter VI. Pig and Pepper, sentence 78
She said the last words out loud, and the little thing grunted in reply (it had left off sneezing by this time).
Who acts: Alice · What happens: say, grunt, leave off, sneeze · To what, where: last words, little thing, reply · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter VI. Pig and Pepper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 words | det |
| 4 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 words | amod |
| 5 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 said | obj |
| 6 | out | out | ADV | _ | 7 loud | advmod |
| 7 | loud | loud | ADV | _ | 2 said | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 grunted | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 grunted | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 thing | det |
| 11 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 thing | amod |
| 12 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 grunted | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | grunted | grunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 said | conj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 reply | case |
| 15 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 grunted | obl |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 19 left | punct |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 left | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 left | aux |
| 19 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 said | parataxis |
| 20 | off | off | ADP | _ | 19 left | compound:prt |
| 21 | sneezing | sneeze | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 left | advcl |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 time | case |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 time | det |
| 24 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sneezing | obl |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 left | punct |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Alice | the last words | loud property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic | |||
| 2 | grunt | participle · passive | the little thing | reply | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | leave off | past · perfect · passive | reply | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | sneeze | gerund | time | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/7/78/