The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 11, sentence 21

When he had recovered himself a little, and was able to explain the cause of his terror, he replied, in answer to my question, that we had drifted far out of our course, and that the following day about noon we should come near that mass of darkness, which, said he, is nothing but the famous Black Mountain.

Who acts: crew, we, mass, my · What happens: recover, be, explain, reply, drift, follow · To what, where: crew, cause, answer, question, mass, nothing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crew, we, mass, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	4 recovered	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 recovered	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 recovered	aux
4	recovered	recover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 recovered	obj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 little	det
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 recovered	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 able	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 able	cc
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 able	cop
11	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 recovered	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 explain	mark
13	explain	explain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 able	xcomp
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cause	det
15	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 explain	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 terror	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 terror	nmod:poss
18	terror	terror	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 cause	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 replied	punct
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 replied	nsubj
21	replied	reply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 recovered	parataxis
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 answer	punct
23	in	in	ADP	_	24 answer	case
24	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 replied	obj
25	to	to	ADP	_	27 question	case
26	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 question	nmod:poss
27	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 answer	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 drifted	punct
29	that	that	SCONJ	_	32 drifted	mark
30	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 drifted	nsubj
31	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 drifted	aux
32	drifted	drift	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	21 replied	conj
33	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	32 drifted	advmod
34	out	out	ADP	_	37 course	case
35	of	of	ADP	_	34 out	fixed
36	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 course	nmod:poss
37	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 far	obl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 come	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 come	cc
40	that	that	SCONJ	_	48 come	mark
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 day	det
42	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	43 day	amod
43	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 come	obl:unmarked
44	about	about	ADP	_	45 noon	case
45	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 day	nmod
46	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	48 come	nsubj
47	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	48 come	aux
48	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 drifted	conj
49	near	near	ADP	_	51 mass	case
50	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	51 mass	det
51	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 come	obl
52	of	of	ADP	_	53 darkness	case
53	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 mass	nmod
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	57 said	punct
55	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	57 said	nsubj
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 which	punct
57	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	51 mass	parataxis
58	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	61 nothing	nsubj
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 he	punct
60	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	61 nothing	cop
61	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	57 said	ccomp
62	but	but	CCONJ	_	66 Mountain	cc
63	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	66 Mountain	det
64	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	66 Mountain	amod
65	Black	Black	PROPN	Number=Sing	66 Mountain	compound
66	Mountain	Mountain	PROPN	Number=Sing	61 nothing	conj
67	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 recovered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recover	past · perfect	crew	crew				a little obl	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme
2	is	past	crew not said here					able property	tree rules
3	explain speech: assert	to-infinitive	crew not said here	the cause of crew's terror					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic
4	reply speech: assert	past	crew	answer	my question				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent answer=Topic to question=Recipient
5	drift	past · perfect	we					far property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	come	should	we			that mass of darkness	day		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near mass=Location
8	say speech: assert	past	that mass of darkness						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
9	is a	present	crew	nothing					tree rules
10	cause			crew's terror					nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
11	question		my						nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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