The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 13, sentence 18
Hindbad was not a little surprised at this summons, and feared that his unguarded words might have drawn upon him the displeasure of Sindbad, so he tried to excuse himself upon the pretext that he could not leave the burden which had been entrusted to him in the street.
Who acts: Hindbad, Sindbad · What happens: not be, fear, draw, try, excuse, not leave · To what, where: summons, unguarded words, Sindbad, burden, street · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hindbad, Sindbad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hindbad | Hindbad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 surprised | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 surprised | cop |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 surprised | advmod |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 little | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 surprised | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | surprised | surprised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 summons | case |
| 8 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 summons | det |
| 9 | summons | summon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 surprised | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 feared | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 feared | cc |
| 12 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 surprised | advcl |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 drawn | mark |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 words | nmod:poss |
| 15 | unguarded | unguarded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 words | amod |
| 16 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 drawn | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 drawn | aux |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 drawn | aux |
| 19 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 feared | ccomp |
| 20 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 him | case |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 drawn | obl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 displeasure | det |
| 23 | displeasure | displeasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 drawn | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Sindbad | case |
| 25 | Sindbad | Sindbad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 displeasure | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 tried | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 tried | advmod |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 tried | nsubj |
| 29 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 surprised | advcl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 excuse | mark |
| 31 | excuse | excuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 tried | xcomp |
| 32 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 31 excuse | obj |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 pretext | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 pretext | det |
| 35 | pretext | pretext | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 excuse | obl |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 leave | mark |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 leave | nsubj |
| 38 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 leave | aux |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 leave | advmod |
| 40 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 excuse | advcl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 burden | det |
| 42 | burden | burden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 leave | obj |
| 43 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 entrusted | nsubj:pass |
| 44 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 entrusted | aux |
| 45 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 46 entrusted | aux:pass |
| 46 | entrusted | entrust | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 burden | acl:relcl |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 him | case |
| 48 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 entrusted | obl |
| 49 | in | in | ADP | _ | 51 street | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 street | det |
| 51 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 entrusted | obl |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 surprised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | past | Hindbad | this summons | a little obl:unmarked; surprised property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | fear | past | Hindbad not said here | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | draw | might · perfect · passive | Hindbad's unguarded words | upon Hindbad | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary displeasure=Result | ||||
| 4 | try | past | Sindbad | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | excuse not said to happen | to-infinitive | Sindbad not said here | Sindbad | upon the pretext | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme | |||
| 6 | not leave | could | Sindbad | the burden | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent burden=Theme | ||||
| 7 | entrust | past · perfect · passive | the burden | Sindbad | the street | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to he=Recipient | |||
| 8 | word | Hindbad | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | displease | Sindbad | nom displeasure «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/13/18/