The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 13, sentence 48
Meanwhile a breeze had sprung up, and in the confusion that ensued on board our vessel in hoisting the sails and taking up those who were in the boat and clinging to its sides, no one missed me and I was left at the mercy of the waves.
Who acts: confusion, those, one · What happens: spring up, ensue, hoist, take up, be, cling · To what, where: breeze, vessel, sails, boat, me, confusion
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (confusion, those, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Meanwhile | meanwhile | ADV | _ | 5 sprung | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 breeze | det |
| 3 | breeze | breeze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sprung | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sprung | aux |
| 5 | sprung | spring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 sprung | compound:prt |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 missed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 missed | cc |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 confusion | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 confusion | det |
| 11 | confusion | confusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 missed | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 ensued | nsubj |
| 13 | ensued | ensue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 confusion | acl:relcl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 vessel | case |
| 15 | board | board | ADP | _ | 17 vessel | case |
| 16 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 vessel | nmod:poss |
| 17 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ensued | obl |
| 18 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 19 hoisting | mark |
| 19 | hoisting | hoist | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 ensued | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sails | det |
| 21 | sails | sail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 hoisting | obj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 taking | cc |
| 23 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 hoisting | conj |
| 24 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 taking | compound:prt |
| 25 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 30 boat | nsubj |
| 26 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 boat | nsubj |
| 27 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 boat | cop |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 boat | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 boat | det |
| 30 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 taking | ccomp |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 clinging | cc |
| 32 | clinging | cling | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 taking | conj |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 sides | case |
| 34 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 sides | nmod:poss |
| 35 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 clinging | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 confusion | punct |
| 37 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 38 one | det |
| 38 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 missed | nsubj |
| 39 | missed | miss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sprung | parataxis |
| 40 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 missed | obj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 left | cc |
| 42 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 left | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 left | aux:pass |
| 44 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 missed | conj |
| 45 | at | at | ADP | _ | 47 mercy | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 mercy | det |
| 47 | mercy | mercy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 left | obl |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 waves | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 waves | det |
| 50 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 mercy | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sprung | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spring up | past · perfect · passive | a breeze | meanwhile property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | ensue | past | the confusion | our vessel | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on vessel=Location | ||||
| 3 | hoist | gerund | the confusion not said here | the sails | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sail=Theme | ||||
| 4 | take up | gerund | the confusion not said here | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | past | those | the boat | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | cling | gerund | the confusion not said here | to boat's sides | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to side=Co-Theme | ||||
| 7 | miss | past | no one | me | the confusion | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus | |||
| 8 | leave | past · passive | I | the mercy of the waves | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at mercy=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/13/48/