The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 12
After the giant had supped he lay down to sleep, snoring like the loudest thunder, while we lay shivering with horror the whole night through, and when day broke he awoke and went out, leaving us in the castle.
Who acts: giant, we · What happens: sup, lie down, sleep, snore, lay, shiver · To what, where: giant, us, castle
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 5 supped | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 giant | det |
| 3 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 supped | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 supped | aux |
| 5 | supped | sup | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 lay | nsubj |
| 7 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 supped | ccomp |
| 8 | down | down | ADV | _ | 7 lay | advmod |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 sleep | mark |
| 10 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 lay | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 snoring | punct |
| 12 | snoring | snore | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 sleep | advcl |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 16 thunder | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 thunder | det |
| 15 | loudest | loud | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 thunder | amod |
| 16 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 snoring | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 lay | punct |
| 18 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 lay | mark |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 lay | nsubj |
| 20 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 supped | conj |
| 21 | shivering | shiver | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 lay | xcomp |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 horror | case |
| 23 | horror | horror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shivering | obl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 night | det |
| 25 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 night | amod |
| 26 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shivering | obl:unmarked |
| 27 | through | through | ADV | _ | 21 shivering | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 broke | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 broke | cc |
| 30 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 broke | advmod |
| 31 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 broke | obl:unmarked |
| 32 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 lay | advcl |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 awoke | nsubj |
| 34 | awoke | awake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 broke | conj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 went | cc |
| 36 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 awoke | conj |
| 37 | out | out | ADP | _ | 36 went | compound:prt |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 leaving | punct |
| 39 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 36 went | advcl |
| 40 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 leaving | obj |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 castle | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 castle | det |
| 43 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 leaving | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 supped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sup | past · perfect · passive | the giant | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | lie down | past | giant | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | sleep | to-infinitive | giant not said here | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | snore | gerund | giant not said here | like the loudest thunder | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | lay | present | we | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | shiver | gerund | we not said here | night | with horror; through property | vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 7 | break | past | we not said here | day | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 8 | awake | past | giant | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | go out | past | giant not said here | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | leave | gerund | giant not said here | us | the castle | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent we=Theme in castle=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/12/